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Subject: [man-jp-reviewer 429] pw.8
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$B7'C+$G$9!#(B

pw.8 $B$r(B 3.0-19980728-SNAP $BBP1~$KJQ99$7$^$7$?!#(B
$BK\%a!<%k$r$b$C$FKY@n$5$s$KG<F~$HCW$7$?$/(B(Cc: $BF~$l$H$$$?$G$9(B)$B!#(B

$B!&(B-Y $B%*%W%7%g%s$,DI2C$5$l!"(B/var/yp $B$G(B make $B$7$F$/$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$?!#(B
$B!&KvHx$N!VCm<a!W$K(B 8 $B%S%C%HJ8;zLdBj$K$D$$$F$N5-=R$,DI2C$5$l$?!#(B

$B$N$,Bg$-$JJQ99$G$9$M!#(B

primary group $B$NLu$r!V=i4|%0%k!<%W!W$C$F$N$OJQ$J$N$G!"!V%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<(B
$B%W!W$K$7$^$7$?!#K\Ev$O!VI.F,%0%k!<%W!W!V0lHVL\%0%k!<%W!W$H$$$&46$8$N0U(B
$BL#$J$N$G$7$g$&$,!"$3$NNc$N$h$&$JLu8l$O$$$d$G$9$h$M!#$&!<$`!#(B

$B$"$H!"86J8$K0l2U=jJQ$J$H$3$m$,$"$k$N$G!"(Bsend-pr $B$7$F$*$-$^$9!#(B
(GROUP OPTIONS $B$G!"(B-M memberlist $B%*%W%7%g%s$N5-=R$,!"$=$NA0$N(B -g gid 
$B%*%W%7%g%s$N5-=R$K$/$C$D$$$F$$$k!#(B)

--
$B7'C+(B $BE5Bg(B

============================================================
.\" Copyright (C) 1996
.\" David L. Nugent.  All rights reserved.
.\" 
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"	%Id: pw.8,v 1.1.1.1.2.5 1997/11/04 07:16:14 charnier Exp %
.\"	%Id: pw.8,v 1.13 1998/03/23 08:28:12 charnier Exp %
.\" jpman %Id: pw.8,v 1.3 1997/10/28 15:30:48 kuriyama Stab %
.\"
.\" WORD: primary group		$B%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W(B(/etc/passwd $B$N%0%k!<%W(BID$B$G7h$^$k%0%k!<%W(B)
.\"
.Dd December 9, 1996
.Dt PW 8
.Os
.Sh $BL>>N(B
.Nm pw
.Nd $B%7%9%F%`%f!<%6!"%0%k!<%W$N:n@.!":o=|!"JQ99!"I=<((B
.Sh $B=q<0(B
.Nm pw
.Ar useradd
.Op name|uid
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl u Ar uid
.Op Fl c Ar comment
.Op Fl d Ar dir
.Op Fl e Ar date
.Op Fl p Ar date
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl G Ar grouplist
.Op Fl m
.Op Fl k Ar dir
.Op Fl s Ar shell
.Op Fl o
.Op Fl L Ar class
.Op Fl h Ar fd
.Op Fl N
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar useradd
.Op name|uid
.\" -D $B%*%W%7%g%s$O>JN,2DG=$NDL>o$N%*%W%7%g%s$G$O$J$$$N$G$3$l$G$h$$(B
.Fl D
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl b Ar dir
.Op Fl e Ar days
.Op Fl p Ar days
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl G Ar grouplist
.Op Fl k Ar dir
.Op Fl u Ar min,max
.Op Fl i Ar min,max
.Op Fl w Ar method
.Op Fl s Ar shell
.Op Fl y Ar path
.Nm pw
.Ar userdel
.Op name|uid
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl u Ar uid
.Op Fl r
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar usermod
.Op name|uid
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl u Ar uid
.Op Fl c Ar comment
.Op Fl d Ar dir
.Op Fl e Ar date
.Op Fl p Ar date
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl G Ar grouplist
.Op Fl l Ar name
.Op Fl m
.Op Fl k Ar dir
.Op Fl w Ar method
.Op Fl s Ar shell
.Op Fl L Ar class
.Op Fl h Ar fd
.Op Fl N
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar usershow
.Op name|uid
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl u Ar uid
.Op Fl F
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl a
.Nm pw
.Ar usernext
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Nm pw
.Ar groupadd
.Op group|gid
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl n Ar group
.Op Fl g Ar gid
.Op Fl M Ar members
.Op Fl o
.Op Fl h Ar fd
.Op Fl N
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar groupdel
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl g Ar gid
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar groupmod
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl F
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl g Ar gid
.Op Fl l Ar name
.Op Fl M Ar members
.Op Fl m Ar newmembers
.Op Fl h Ar fd
.Op Fl N
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl Y
.Nm pw
.Ar groupshow
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Fl g Ar gid
.Op Fl F
.Op Fl P
.Op Fl a
.Nm pw
.Ar groupnext
.Op Fl C Ar config
.Op Fl q
.Sh $B2r@b(B
.Nm pw
$B$O!"%7%9%F%`$N(B
.Ar user
$B!"(B
.Ar group
$B%U%!%$%k$N%f!<%6!"%0%k!<%W$r4JC1$K!"I8=`E*$JJ}K!$GDI2C!"JQ99!":o=|(B
$B$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$h$&$K$9$k%3%^%s%I%i%$%sHG$N%(%G%#%?$G$9!#(B
.Nm
$B$O!"%m!<%+%k$J(B user $B%U%!%$%k$H(B group $B%U%!%$%k$rA`:n$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$@(B
$B$1$@$H$$$&$3$H$KCm0U$7$F2<$5$$!#(B NIS $B$N%f!<%6!"%0%k!<%W$O(B NIS $B%5!<%P>e(B
$B$G4IM}$7$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
.Nm
$B$O(B
.Pa passwd , 
.Pa master.passwd , 
.Pa group 
$B%U%!%$%k$d!"0BA4$J$^$?$O0BA4$G$J$$%Q%9%o!<%I%G!<%?%Y!<%9%U%!%$%k(B
$B$N99?7:n6H$r9T$$$^$9$N$G!"(B root $B$G<B9T$5$l$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
.Pp
.Nm
$B$N%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$K$+$+$l$F$$$k:G=i$N0l$D$+Fs$D$N%-!<%o!<%I$O!"0z?t$N;D$j(B
$B$r2r<a$9$k:]$NJ8L.$r;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.Ar user
$B$H(B
.Ar group
$B$N%-!<%o!<%I$O$I$A$i$b!"(B
.Ar add ,
.Ar del ,
.Ar mod ,
.Ar show ,
.Ar next
$B$HAH$_9g$o$;$FMQ$$$k$3$H$,$G$-!"$I$N$h$&$J=g=x(B ($BNc$($P(B
.Ar showuser ,
.Ar usershow , 
.Ar show user ,
.Ar user show $B$O$9$Y$FF1$8$3$H$H(B
$B$_$J$5$l$^$9(B) $B$G;XDj$7$F$b$+$^$$$^$;$s!#(B
$B$3$N=@Fp@-$O!"%f!<%6!"%0%k!<%W%G!<%?%Y!<%9A`:n$N$?$a$K(B
.Nm
$B$r8F$S=P$9BPOCE*$J%9%/%j%W%H$K$OJXMx$G$9!#(B
.Fl n Ar name ,
.Fl u Ar uid ,
.Fl g Ar gid
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&Be$o$j$K!"(B
$B$3$l$i$N%-!<%o!<%I$KB3$1$F%f!<%6L>!"%0%k!<%WL>!"?t;z$N(B ID $B$N$&$A0l$D(B
$B$r;XDj$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
.Pp
$B0J2<$N%U%i%0$OA`:n$N$[$H$s$I$N%b!<%I$G6&DL$G$9!#(B
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist"
.It Fl C Ar config
.Nm
$B$O?7$7$$%f!<%6%"%+%&%s%H$H%0%k!<%W$O$I$N$h$&$K:n$i$l$k$Y$-$+$H$$$&(B
$BJ}?K$N>pJs$rF@$k$?$a$K!"%G%U%)%k%H$G$O%U%!%$%k(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
$B$rFI$_9~$_$^$9!#(B
.Fl C
$B%*%W%7%g%s$G0[$J$k@_Dj%U%!%$%k$r;XDj$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B@_Dj%U%!%$%k$N$[$H$s$I$NFbMF$O!"%3%^%s%I%i%$%s(B
$B%*%W%7%g%s$K$h$j>e=q$-$5$l$^$9$,!"?7$7$$%"%+%&%s%H$rDI2C$9$k$?$a$NI8=`(B
$BE*$J>pJs$r@_Dj%U%!%$%k$K@_Dj$7$F$*$$$?J}$,(B
$BJXMx$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#(B
.It Fl q
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&$H(B
.Nm
$B$O%(%i!<%a%C%;!<%8$rM^@)$7$^$9!#$3$l$O!"Cm0U?<$/%U%)!<%^%C%H$5$l$?%G%#%9%W%l%$$X$N%a%C%;!<%8I=<($h$j$b!"(B
.Nm
$B$+$iJV$5$l$?La$jCM$r2r<a$9$kJ}$,9%$^$l$k$h$&$JBPOCE*$J4D6-$G$O(B
$BJXMx$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#(B
.It Fl N
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O(B
.Ar add
$B$H(B
.Ar modify
$BA`:n$G;H$$$^$9!#(B
.Nm
$B$O!"%f!<%6(B/$B%0%k!<%W%G!<%?%Y!<%9$r99?7$;$:$K!"A`:n$N7k2L$@$1$r=PNO$7$^$9!#(B
.Fl P
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&$H!"I8=`(B passwd $B%U%)!<%^%C%H$H2DFI$J%U%)!<%^%C%H$N(B
$B@Z$jBX$($,$G$-$^$9!#(B
.It Fl Y
$B99?7%b!<%I$N$$$:$l$+$H!"$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$H$r$$$C$7$g$K;H$&$3$H$G!"(B
.Nm
$B$O!"(B
.Pa /var/yp
$B$K%+%l%s%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$r0\F0$5$;$F$+$i(B
.Xr make 1
$B$r<B9T$7$^$9!#$3$l$O!"(BNIS $B%G!<%?%Y!<%9%U%!%$%k$N<+F099?7$r2DG=$H$9$k(B
$B$?$a$N$b$N$G$9!#(BNIS $B$,JL$N%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k!"%0%k!<%W%U%!%$%k$r(B
$B;H$C$F$$$k>l9g!"(B
.Fl y Ar path
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$$!"(BNIS $B%Q%9%o!<%I%G!<%?%Y!<%9$N0LCV$r;XDj$9$k$H(B
$B$h$$$G$7$g$&!#$3$l$K$h$j!"(B
.Nm
$B$O!"%7%9%F%`%Q%9%o!<%I%G!<%?%Y!<%9$HJB9T$7$F$3$l$i$N%G!<%?%Y!<%9$b(B
$BF1;~$K99?7$7$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Sh $B%f!<%6%*%W%7%g%s(B
$B0J2<$N%*%W%7%g%s$O(B
.Ar useradd
$B$H(B
.Ar usermod
$B%3%^%s%I$KIU$1$^$9(B:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist"
.It Fl n Ar name
$B%f!<%6L>(B/$B%"%+%&%s%HL>$r;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl u Ar uid
$B%f!<%6(B ID / $B%"%+%&%s%H(B ID $B$r?t;z$G;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.Pp
$B%"%+%&%s%HL>$O(B uid $B$r4^$_!"5U$bF1MM$G$"$k$?$a!"DL>o$3$l$i$N%*%W%7%g%s(B
$B$N$I$A$i$+JRJ}$7$+I,MW$G$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B$7$+$7!"N>J}$r;XDj$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$3$H$b$7$P$7$P$"$j$^$9!#(B
$BNc$($P!"$9$G$KB8:_$9$k%f!<%6$N(B uid $B$r(B
.Ar usermod
$B$GJQ$($?$j!"?7$7$$%"%+%&%s%H$r:n$k$H$-$K%G%U%)%k%H$N(B uid $B$r>e=q$-$7$?(B
$B$j$9$k$H$-$G$9!#(B
.Nm
$B$G(B
.Ar useradd
$B$r;H$C$F?7$7$$%f!<%6$K(B uid $B$r<+F0E*$K3d$jEv$F$?$$>l9g$O!"(B
.Ql Fl u
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$C$F$O(B
.Em $B$$$1$^$;$s(B
$B!#(B
$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s>e$G(B
.Ar useradd ,
.Ar userdel ,
.Ar usermod ,
.Ar usershow
$B%-!<%o!<%I$ND>8e$J$i!"%"%+%&%s%H$H%f!<%6(BID$B$N$I$A$i$+$r(B
.Ql Fl n
$B$d(B
.Ql Fl u
$B$r;H$o$:$K$=$N$^$^B3$1$F=q$/$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist"
.It Fl c Ar comment
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O(B passwd $B$N(B GECOS $B%U%#!<%k%I$NFbMF$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%U%#!<%k%I$O!"%3%s%^$G6h@Z$i$l$?(B 4 $B$D$N%5%V%U%#!<%k%I$G!"0lHLE*$K$O(B
$B%f!<%6$N@+L>!"6PL3@h$^$?$OCO6h!"?&>l$H<+Bp$NEEOCHV9f$r4^$_$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$i$N%5%V%U%#!<%k%I$O47=,E*$K;H$o$l$k$@$1$G$"$j!">JN,2DG=$G$9!#(B
$B$3$N%U%#!<%k%I$,6uGr$r4^$`>l9g!"%3%a%s%H<+?H$r%@%V%k%/%)!<%H(B
.Ql \&"
$B$G$/$/$i$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B%3%s%^$O%5%V%U%#!<%k%I$N6h@Z$j$H$7$F;H$o$l$k$N$G!"%U%#!<%k%IFb$G$N;HMQ$O(B
$BHr$1$F2<$5$$!#$=$7$F!"%3%m%s(B
.Ql \&:
$B%-%c%i%/%?$b(B passwd $B%U%!%$%k$N%U%#!<%k%I6h@Z$j$G$"$k$?$a;H$($^$;$s!#(B
.It Fl d Ar dir
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"%"%+%&%s%H$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$r@_Dj$7$^$9!#(B
$BDL>o!"$3$l$O%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
$B$+$i7h$^$k%G%U%)%k%H(B
($B$U$D$&$O(B
.Pa /home
$B$N2<$G%"%+%&%s%HL>$r%5%V%G%#%l%/%H%j$H$7$?$b$N(B)
$B$H0[$J$k>l9g$K$@$1;H$&$3$H$K$J$k$G$7$g$&!#(B
.It Fl e Ar date
$B%"%+%&%s%H$,GK4~$5$l$kF|IU$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$NF|IU$N%U%)!<%^%C%H$O!"(B 10 $B?J$N(B UNIX $B;~4V$+(B
.Ql dd-mmm-yy[yy]
$B%U%)!<%^%C%H$NF|IU$N$I$A$i$+$K$J$j!"8e<T$O(B dd $B$,F|!"(Bmmm$B$,7n$G!"?t;z$H(B
$B%"%k%U%!%Y%C%H(B('Jan', 'Feb' $BEy(B)$B$N$I$A$i$G$b$h$/!"G/$O(B 2 $B$^$?$O(B 4 $B7e$N(B
$B?t;z$+$i$J$j$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(B
.Ql \&+n[mhdwoy]
$B$N7A$NAjBPE*$JF|IU$b<u$1IU$1$^$9!#(B
.Ql \&n
$B$O(B 10 $B?J?t!"(B 8 $B?J?t(B (0 $B$+$i;O$^$k(B) $B!"(B 16 $B?J?t(B (0x $B$G;O$^$k(B) $B$N?t;z$G!"(B
$B$=$N8e$K8=:_$NF|IU;~9o$+$iGK4~$5$l$kF|$^$G$NJ,(B(m)$B!";~(B(h)$B!"F|(B(d)$B!"(B
$BMKF|(B(w)$B!"7n(B(o)$B!"G/(B(y)$B$N?t$,%;%C%H$5$l$^$9!#(B
.It Fl p Ar date
$B%"%+%&%s%H$N%Q%9%o!<%I$,GK4~$5$l$kF|IU$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%U%#!<%k%I$O!"%Q%9%o!<%I$N6/@)E*$JJQ99$KBP$7$FE,MQ$5$l$k$3$H$r=|$1$P!"(B
$B%"%+%&%s%HGK4~F|IU;XDj%*%W%7%g%s$H;w$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$O!"(B
.Ql Fl e
$B%*%W%7%g%s$HF1MM$K$7$F%;%C%H$5$l$^$9!#(B
.It Fl g Ar group
$BM?$($i$l$?(B group $B$r%"%+%&%s%H$N%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W$K%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Ar group
$B$O!"%0%k!<%WL>$^$?$O%0%k!<%W(B ID $BHV9f$GDj5A$5$l$^$9!#(B
.It Fl G Ar grouplist
$B$=$N%"%+%&%s%H$NDI2C%0%k!<%W$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Ar grouplist
$B$O!"%3%s%^$G6h@Z$i$l$?!"%0%k!<%WL>$^$?$O%0%k!<%W(B ID $BHV9f$N%j%9%H$G$9!#(B
.Pa /etc/group
$B$N!"%0%k!<%W%j%9%H$G;XDj$5$l$?%0%k!<%W$K$=$N%f!<%6L>$,DI2C$5$l!"(B
$B%0%k!<%W%j%9%H$G;XDj$5$l$J$$%0%k!<%W$+$i$=$N%f!<%6L>$,:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
$BCm0U(B: $B%f!<%6$O(B
.Pa /etc/group
$B$N%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W$K$O2C$($i$l$k$Y$-$G$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B$^$?!"%0%k!<%W$N%a%s%P$NJQ99$O8=:_$N%m%0%$%s$K$O$9$0$K$O1F6A$5$l$:!"JQ(B
$B998e$N%m%0%$%s$K$@$11F6A$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl L Ar class
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O@8@.$5$l$?%f!<%6$N%m%0%$%s%/%i%9$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B%f!<%6%m%0%$%s%/%i%9$K4X$9$k>pJs$O(B
.Xr login.conf 5
$B$r;2>H$7$F2<$5$$!#(B
.It Fl m
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$N:n@.$r;n$_$k$h$&$K(B
.Nm
$B$K;X<($7$^$9!#(B
$B$b$A$m$s$3$l$O(B
.Ar useradd
$B$G?7$7$$%"%+%&%s%H$r2C$($k$H$-$K$bLr$KN)$A$^$9$,!"(B
$B$9$G$KB8:_$9$k%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$r!"%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`$NJL$N>l=j$K(B
$B0\F0$9$k$H$$$&;H$$J}$b$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B?7$7$$%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$K$O!"(B
.Ar $B?w7?(B(skeleton)
$B%G%#%l%/%H%j$NFbMF$,CV$+$l$^$9!#(B
$B$3$3$K$O!"IaDL!"%f!<%6$,8D?ME*$K;H$&%7%'%k$N@_Dj%U%!%$%k0l<0(B
$B$,4^$^$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
.Ar usermod
$B$K%"%+%&%s%H$r;XDj$7$F(B
.Ql Fl m
$B$rMQ$$$k:]$K$O!"$=$N%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$K$"$k(B
$B@_Dj%U%!%$%k$O!"?w7?%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%U%!%$%k$G(B
.Em $B>e=q$-$5$l$^$;$s(B
$B!#(B
.Pp
$B%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,:n@.$5$l$k$H$-!"%G%U%)%k%H$G$O!"(B
.Ql Fl b Ar dir
$B%*%W%7%g%s(B ($B2<5-;2>H(B) $B$G;XDj$5$l$?(B
.Ar basehome
$B%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%5%V%G%#%l%/%H%j$H$7$F:n$i$l!"%"%+%&%s%HL>$HF1$8L>A0$,IU(B
$B$1$i$l$^$9!#(B
$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$K(B
.Ql Fl d Ar dir
$B%*%W%7%g%s$rIU$1$k$H!">e=q$-$9$k$h$&$K$9$k$3$H$b$G$-$^$9!#(B
.It Fl k Ar dir
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(B
.Ar $B?w7?(B
$B%G%#%l%/%H%j$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,:n@.(B
$B$5$l$k$H$-!"$=$3$+$i4pK\$N5/F0;~%U%!%$%k!"@_Dj%U%!%$%k(B
$B$,%3%T!<$5$l$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(B
.Ql Fl d
($B2<5-;2>H(B) $B$d(B
.Ql Fl m
$B$H$H$b$K;H$C$?$H$-$K$N$_0UL#$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
.It Fl s Ar shell
$B%f!<%6$N%m%0%$%s%7%'%k$r(B
.Ar shell
$B$K%;%C%H$^$?$OJQ99$7$^$9!#(B
$B%7%'%k%W%m%0%i%`$X$N%Q%9$,>JN,$5$l$k$H!"(B
.Nm
$B$O(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
$B$G;XDj$5$l$?(B
.Ar shellpath
$B$rC5$7!"$=$l$rE,@Z$KJd$$$^$9!#(B
$B%Q%9$r;XDj$9$k$N$O!"FCJL$JM}M3$,$"$k$N$G$J$1$l$P!"Hr$1$k$Y$-$@(B
$B$H$$$&$3$H$r3P$($F$*$-$^$7$g$&!#(B
$B;XDj$7$J$$$3$H$G!"%W%m%0%i%`$,B8:_$7!"$+$D<B9T2DG=$G$"$k$3$H$r(B
.Nm
$B$K3NG'$5$;$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$+$i$G$9!#(B
$B%U%k%Q%9$r;XDj$9$k(B ($B$^$?$O6u$N$^$^$N(B "" $B%7%'%k$K$7$F$*$/(B) $B$H(B
$B$3$N%A%'%C%/$r$;$:!"BPOCE*$J%m%0%$%s$r$5$;$J$$%"%+%&%s%H$r(B
$B@_Dj$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$H$-$K@_Dj$5$l$k(B
.Pa /nonexistent
$B$N$h$&$J%(%s%H%j$r:n$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
.It Fl L Ar class
$B%f!<%6$N(B passwd $B%l%3!<%IFb$N(B
.Em class
$B%U%#!<%k%I$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%U%#!<%k%I$O8=:_;H$o$l$F$$$^$;$s$,!">-Mh$O(B
.Em termcap
$B%(%s%H%j$N$h$&$J%?%0(B ($B>\:Y$O(B
.Xr passwd 5
$B$r;2>H$N$3$H(B) $B$r;XDj$9$k$?$a$K;H$o$l$k$G$7$g$&!#(B
.It Fl h Ar fd
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(B
.Nm
$B$,BPOCE*$J%9%/%j%W%H$r;H$C$F%"%+%&%s%H%Q%9%o!<%I$r(B
$B@_Dj$G$-$k$h$&$JFCJL$N%$%s%?%U%'!<%9$rMQ0U$7$^$9!#(B
$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$H4D6-$O!"%W%m%0%i%`$,>pJs$r<u$1<h$k$7$/$_$H$7$F$O(B
$B4pK\E*$K0BA4$G$O$J$$$?$a!"(B
.Nm
$B$O%U%!%$%k5-=R;R(B ($BDL>oBPOCE*%9%/%j%W%H$H%W%m%0%i%`4V$N%Q%$%W(B)
$B$rDL$7$F$N$_!"%"%+%&%s%H$H%0%k!<%W$N%Q%9%o!<%I$N@_Dj$r5v2D$7$^$9!#(B
.Ar sh ,
.Ar bash ,
.Ar ksh ,
.Ar perl
$B$O3'!"$3$l$,$G$-$k$7$/$_$r;}$C$F$$$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl h Ar 0
$B$,;XDj$5$l$k$H!"Be$o$j$K(B
.Nm
$B$O%f!<%6$N%Q%9%o!<%IF~NO$r5a$a$k%W%m%s%W%H$r=P$7!"(B
.Em stdin
$B$r%Q%9%o!<%I$rFI$_9~$`%U%!%$%k5-=R;R$H$7$^$9!#(B
$B%Q%9%o!<%I$O0lEY$7$+F~NO$5$l$^$;$s!#BPOCE*$J;HMQ$h$j$b(B
$B%9%/%j%W%H8~$-$K$G$-$F$$$k$3$H$KCm0U$7$F2<$5$$!#(B
.Xr passwd 1
$B$N9T$K9g$o$;$F?7$7$$%Q%9%o!<%I$N3NG'$r$7$?$$>l9g!"$3$N5!G=$O!"(B
.Nm
$B$r8F$S=P$9BPOCE*$J%9%/%j%W%H$N0lIt$H$7$F<BAu$9$kI,MW$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
.Pp
$B0z?t(B
.Ar fd
$B$H$7$F(B
.Ql \&-
$B$,M?$($i$l$k$H!"%Q%9%o!<%I$H$7$F(B
.Ql \&*
$B$,%;%C%H$5$l!"$=$N%"%+%&%s%H$K$O%Q%9%o!<%I$r;H$C$F%m%0%$%s$9$k$3$H$,(B
$B$G$-$J$$$h$&$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Ar useradd
$B$r;H$&$3$H$G!"B8:_$9$k%f!<%6(B ID $B$H=EJ#$9$k?7$7$$%"%+%&%s%H$r:n@.$9$k$3(B
$B$H$,$G$-$k$h$&$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$OIaDL%(%i!<$K$J$C$F5qH]$5$l$^$9$,!"(B
.Ql Fl o
$B%*%W%7%g%s$K$h$j!"=EJ#%A%'%C%/$r>e=q$-$7%f!<%6(B ID $B$N=EJ#$r(B
$B5v$9$3$H$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$O!"F10l$N%f!<%6$,0[$J$k%3%s%F%-%9%H(B($B0[$J$k%0%k!<%W3d$jEv$F$d(B
$B0[$J$k%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j!"0[$J$k%7%'%k(B)$B$G%m%0%$%s$9$k$N$r5v2D$9$k(B
$B>l9g$K!"3F%"%+%&%s%H$K4pK\E*$KF10l$N%"%/%;%98"$rM?$($k>l9g$K(B
$B;HMQ$G$-$^$9!#(B
.Pp
.Ar useradd
$B%3%^%s%I$O(B
.Ql Fl D
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&$3$H$G?7$7$$%f!<%6$H%0%k!<%W$N%G%U%)%k%H$b@_Dj$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B?7$7$$%f!<%6$rIU$12C$($kBe$o$j$K!"(B
.Nm 
$B$O@_Dj%U%!%$%k(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
$B$K?7$7$$%G%U%)%k%H$N%;%C%H$r=q$-9~$_$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl D
$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&>l9g!"(B
.Ql Fl n Ar name
$B$d(B
.Ql Fl u Ar uid
$B$r;H$C$F$O$$$1$^$;$s!#$=$&$G$J$$$H%(%i!<$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl D
$B$r;H$&$H!"(B
.Ar useradd
$B%3%^%s%I$N$$$/$D$+$N%3%^%s%I%i%$%s%9%$%C%A$N0UL#$,JQ$o$j$^$9!#(B
$B$=$l$O(B:
.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist"
.It Fl D
$B@_Dj%U%!%$%k(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
( $B$b$7$/$O(B
.Ql Fl C Ar config
$B%*%W%7%g%s$,;H$o$l$?$H$-$O0[$J$kL>A0$N@_Dj%U%!%$%k(B ) 
$B$NCf$G$N%G%U%)%k%H$NCM$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl b Ar dir
$B%f!<%6%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,:n@.$5$l$k%k!<%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$N%G%U%)%k%H$NCM$O(B
.Pa /home
$B$G$9$,!"B>$N9%$-$J%G%#%l%/%H%j$K%;%C%H$G$-$^$9!#(B
.It Fl e Ar days
$B%G%U%)%k%H$N%"%+%&%s%H$NM-8z4|4V$rF|?t$G%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl D
$B$rIU$1$:$K;H$o$l$k>l9g$H0[$J$j!"0z?t$O%"%+%&%s%H$,:n@.$5$l$F$+$iL58z$K(B
$B$J$k$^$G$NF|?t$r;XDj$9$k?t;z$G$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
 0 $B$H$$$&CM$O!"GK4~$9$kF|IU$N<+F0;;=P$rM^@)$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl p Ar days
$B%G%U%)%k%H$N%Q%9%o!<%I$NM-8z4|4V$rF|?t$G%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl g Ar group
$B?7$7$$%f!<%6$N%G%U%)%k%H$N%0%k!<%W$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl g Ar \&""
$B$r;H$C$F6u$N%0%k!<%W$r;XDj$9$k$H!"?7$7$$%f!<%6$O<+J,<+?H$N;dE*$J%W%i%$%^%j(B
$B%0%k!<%W(B ($B%m%0%$%sL>$HF1$8L>A0$N?7$7$$%0%k!<%W$,:n@.$5$l$^$9(B) $B$K(B
$B3d$jEv$F$i$l$^$9!#(B
$B%0%k!<%W$N;XDj$K$O!"L>A0$^$?$O(B uid $B$r0z?t$H$7$FM?$($k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
.It Fl G Ar grouplist
$B?7$7$$%f!<%6$,=jB0$9$k%G%U%)%k%H$N%0%k!<%W72$r;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$O%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W$H$OJL$N%0%k!<%W$N=89g$G!"0l$D$N(B
$B%0%k!<%W$r%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W$H$3$NJL%0%k!<%W72$NN>J}$K;XDj$9$k$3$H$O(B
$BHr$1$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B 
$B8@$$BX$($k$H!"$3$l$i$NJL%0%k!<%W72$G$O%W%i%$%^%j%0%k!<%W(B
.Em $B0J30$N(B
$B%0%k!<%W$N9=@.%a%s%P$,7h$a$i$l$^$9!#(B
.Ar grouplist
$B$O%3%s%^6h@Z$j$N%0%k!<%WL>$b$7$/$O(B ID $B$G!"(B
.Pa /etc/pw.conf
$B$NCf$K%7%s%\%kL>$GJ]B8$5$l$^$9!#(B
.It Fl L Ar class
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"?7$7$$%f!<%6$N$?$a$N%G%U%)%k%H$N%m%0%$%s%/%i%9$r(B
$B%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl k Ar dir
$B%G%U%)%k%H$N(B
.Em $B?w7?(B
$B%G%#%l%/%H%j$r%;%C%H$7!"(B
.Nm
$B$,%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$r:n@.$9$k$H$-$K!"(B
$B$=$3$+$i%7%'%k$J$I$N=i4|2=%U%!%$%k$N%W%m%H%?%$%W$,%3%T!<$5$l$^$9!#(B
.It Fl u Ar min,max , Fl i Ar min,max
$B$3$l$i$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(B
.Nm 
$B$K$h$j:n@.$5$l$??7$7$$%"%+%&%s%H$H%0%k!<%W$N$?$a$K3d$jEv$F$k%f!<%6$H(B
$B%0%k!<%W$N:G>.$N(B ID $B$H:GBg$N(B ID $B$r%;%C%H$7$^$9!#(B
$B%G%U%)%k%HCM$O$I$A$i$b:G>.(B 1000 $B$G:GBg(B 32000 $B$G$9!#(B
.Ar min
$B$H(B
.Ar max
$B$O$I$A$i$b?t;z$G!"(B max $B$O(B min $B$h$jBg$-$/!"N>J}$H$b(B 0 $B$+$i(B 32767 $B$NHO0O(B
$BFb$G$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B0lHL$K(B 100 $BL$K~$N%f!<%6(B ID $B$H%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$O%7%9%F%`$KM=Ls$5$l$F$*$j!"(B
32000 $B$h$jBg$-$J?t$b(B ($B%7%9%F%`(B daemon $B$,;H$&(B) $BFC<l$JL\E*$K(B
$BM=Ls$5$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
.It Fl w Ar method
.Ql Fl w
$B%*%W%7%g%s$O?7$7$/:n@.$5$l$?%f!<%6%"%+%&%s%H$N%Q%9%o!<%I$r%;%C%H$9$k$N(B
$B$K;H$o$l$k%G%U%)%k%H$NJ}K!$r;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.Ar method
$B$O0J2<$N$&$A$N0l$D$G$9(B:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width random -offset indent -compact
.It no
$B?7$7$/:n@.$5$l$?%"%+%&%s%H$G$N%m%0%$%s$rIT2D$H$7$^$9!#(B
.It yes
$B%"%+%&%s%HL>$r%Q%9%o!<%I$K$7$^$9!#(B
.It none
$B%Q%9%o!<%I$r6uMs$K$7$^$9!#(B
.It random
$B%i%s%@%`%Q%9%o!<%I$r@8@.$7$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
The
.Ql \&random
$B$d(B
.Ql \&no
method $B$O!":G$b0BA4$G$9!#A0<T$N>l9g!"(B
.Nm
$B$O%Q%9%o!<%I$r@8@.$7!"I8=`=PNO$K=PNO$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$N%Q%9%o!<%I$O!"%f!<%6$,$=$N%"%+%&%s%H$K%"%/%;%9$9$k%Q%9%o!<%I$H$7$F(B
$B$"$J$?$,H/9T$7$^$9$,!"%f!<%6<+?H$,<+J,$N%Q%9%o!<%I$r;XDj(B
($BB?J,$R$I$$A*Br$G$9(B) $B$9$k$b$N$h$jE,@Z$G$9!#(B
.Ql \&no
method $B$K$7$?>l9g!"%Q%9%o!<%I$G%"%/%;%9$G$-$k%"%+%&%s%H$rM?$($k$?$a$K(B
$B%9!<%Q%f!<%6$,(B
.Xr passwd 1
$B$r;H$o$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B
.It Fl y Ar path
.Pa /etc/master.passwd
$B$+$i$N>pJs$rD>@\(B NIS $B$H6&M-$7$J$$>l9g!"(B
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"(BNIS $B$,;H$&%G!<%?%Y!<%9$N%Q%9L>$r@_Dj$7$^$9!#(B
NIS $B%5!<%P$KBP$7$F$N$_$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$r;XDj$9$k$Y$-$G$7$g$&!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Ar userdel
$B%3%^%s%I$K$O;XDj2DG=$J%*%W%7%g%s$O(B 3 $B$D$7$+$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
.Ql Fl n Ar name
$B$H(B
.Ql Fl u Ar uid
$B%*%W%7%g%s$O!"4{$K@bL@$7$?$H$*$j$G$9!#(B
$BDI2C$N%*%W%7%g%s$O0J2<$N$b$N$G$9!#(B
.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist"
.It Fl r
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$G!"(B
.Nm
$B$O%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$H$=$NFbMF$N$9$Y$F$r:o=|$7$^$9!#(B
.Nm
$B$O%7%9%F%`$+$i%U%!%$%k$r:o=|$9$k$H$-!"?5=E$9$.$k$d$jJ}$r$H$j$^$9!#(B
$B$^$:!":o=|$5$l$k%"%+%&%s%H$N(B uid $B$,%7%9%F%`$NJL$N%"%+%&%s%H$G$b;H$o$l(B
$B$F$$$F!"%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k$N(B '$B%[!<%`(B' $B%G%#%l%/%H%j$,J8;z(B
.Ql \&/
$B$G;O$^$k@5$7$$%Q%9$G$"$C$?>l9g$K$O%U%!%$%k$O:o=|$5$l$^$;$s!#(B
$B<!$K!"%U%!%$%k$d%G%#%l%/%H%j$,<B:]$K$=$N%f!<%6$N$b$N$G$"$k$+!"(B
$BC/$+$N=jM-$G$"$k%7%s%\%j%C%/%j%s%/$,%f!<%6$N%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j2<$K$"$k(B
$B>l9g$K$@$1:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
$B:G8e$K!"$=$N%f!<%6$N=jM-$G$"$k$9$Y$F$NCf?H$r:o=|$7$?8e!"(B
$B6u$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$@$1$,:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
$B99$KJL$N0lA]$,I,MW$J$H$-$O!"4IM}<T$KG$$5$l$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
$B%a!<%k%9%W!<%k%U%!%$%k$H(B crontab $B$O!"%f!<%6L>$KL5>r7o$KIUB0$7$F$$$k$b$N(B
$B$J$N$G!"%"%+%&%s%H$,:o=|$5$l$?$H$->o$K:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
.Ar at
$B%3%^%s%I$K$h$C$F=hM}BT$A$N%-%e!<$KF~$C$F$$$k%8%g%V$b!"%f!<%6$N(B uid
$B$,%f%K!<%/$G$"$j!"$+$D!"$=$N%7%9%F%`$NJL$N%"%+%&%s%H$K;H$o$l$F$$$J$$>l9g$O(B
$B:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
.Pp
.Ar usershow
$B%3%^%s%I$O!"Fs<oN`$N%U%)!<%^%C%H$G%"%+%&%s%H$r1\Mw$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B%U%)!<%^%C%H$O!"%G%U%)%k%H$G(B
.Pa /etc/master.passwd
$B$G;H$o$l$F$$$k$b$N$HF1$8$G!"%Q%9%o!<%I%U%#!<%k%I$O(B
.Ql \&*
$B$KCV$-49$($i$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl P
$B%*%W%7%g%s$,;H$o$l$k$H!"(B
.Nm
$B$O$h$j?M4V$KFI$_$d$9$$7A$G%"%+%&%s%H$N>\:Y$r=PNO$7$^$9!#(B
.Ql Fl a
$B%*%W%7%g%s$O!"8=:_%U%!%$%k$K$"$k$9$Y$F$N%f!<%6$r%j%9%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Pp
.Ar usernext
$B%3%^%s%I$O!"MxMQ2DG=$J<!$N%f!<%6(B ID $B$H%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$r(B
$B%3%m%s6h@Z$j$GJV$7$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$O!"DL>o(B
.Nm
$B$r;H$&BPOCE*$J%9%/%j%W%H$d%U%m%s%H%(%s%IMQ$G$9!#(B
.Pp
.Sh $B%0%k!<%W%*%W%7%g%s(B
$B%0%k!<%W$rA`:n$9$k%3%^%s%I$K$O!"(B
.Ql Fl
$B$H(B
.Ql Fl q
$B%*%W%7%g%s(B ($BA0%;%/%7%g%s$N;O$a$K@bL@$,$"$j$^$9(B) $B$,;H$($^$9!#(B
$BB>$N%0%k!<%W4X78$N%3%^%s%I(B:
.Bl -tag -width "-m newmembers"
.It Fl n Ar name
$B%0%k!<%WL>$r;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.It Fl g Ar gid
$B%0%k!<%W$N(B ID $B$r?t;z$G;XDj$7$^$9!#(B
.Pp
$B%0%k!<%WL>$O(B uid $B$r0UL#$7!"5U$bF1MM$J$N$G!"%"%+%&%s%HL>(B
$B$H(B ID $B%U%#!<%k%I$H$7$F!"IaDL$I$A$i$+0l$D$rIU$1$l$P$h$$$N$G$9!#(B
$BN>J}$r;XDj$9$kI,MW$,$"$k$N$O!"?7$7$$%0%k!<%W$K;XDj$7$?%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$r(B
$B@_Dj$9$k$H$-!"$^$?$OB8:_$9$k%0%k!<%W$N(B uid $B$rJQ$($?$$$H$-$@$1$G$9!#(B
.It Fl M Ar memberlist
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O!"B8:_$9$k%f!<%6$r?7$7$$%0%k!<%W$K(B (groupadd$B$G(B) 
$B2C$($?$j!"B8:_$9$k%a%s%P%j%9%H$r(B (groupmod$B$G(B) $B?7$7$$$b$N$K<h$j49$($k(B
$B$b$&$R$H$D$NJ}K!$G$9!#(B
.Ar memberlist
$B$O@5Ev$G!"B8:_$9$k%f!<%6L>$^$?$O(B uid $B$N%3%s%^6h@Z$j$N%j%9%H$G$9!#(B
.It Fl m Ar newmembers
.Ql Fl M
$B%*%W%7%g%s$HF1MM!"$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O:G=i$KB8:_$9$k%a%s%P$N%j%9%H$r(B
$BF~$l49$($k$3$H$J$/!"%0%k!<%W$KB8:_$9$k%f!<%6$r(B
.Em $BDI2C(B
$B$7$^$9!#(B
$B%m%0%$%sL>$^$?$O%f!<%6(B ID $B$r;H$&$3$H$,$G$-!"=EJ#$9$k%f!<%6$O7Y9pL5$/(B
$B:o=|$5$l$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Ar groupadd
$B$K$b!"B8:_$9$k%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$r?7$7$$%0%k!<%W$K3d$jEv$F$k(B
.Ql Fl o
$B%*%W%7%g%s$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
$B%G%U%)%k%H$NF0:n$O!"%0%k!<%WDI2C$N;n$_$r5qH]$9$k$3$H$K$J$C$F$*$j!"$3$N(B
$B%*%W%7%g%s$O%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$N=EJ#%A%'%C%/$r>e=q$-$7$^$9!#(B
$B%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$r=EJ#$5$;$kI,MW$OLGB?$K$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
.Pp
.Ar groupmod
$B%3%^%s%I$K$O!"0l$D$NDI2C%*%W%7%g%s$,$"$j$^$9(B:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "-m newmembers"
.It Fl l Ar name
$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$G!"B8:_$9$k%0%k!<%WL>$r(B
.Ql \&name
$B$KJQ99$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B?7$7$$L>A0$OB8:_$7$J$$$b$N$G$J$1$l$P$J$i$:!"B8:_$9$k%0%k!<%WL>$H(B
$B=EJ#$5$;$h$&$H$9$k$H5qH]$5$l$^$9!#(B
.El
.Pp
.Ar groupshow
$B$X$N%*%W%7%g%s$O(B
.Ql Fl u Ar uid
$B$NBe$o$j$K%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$r;XDj$9$k(B
.Ql Fl g Ar gid
$B$rIU$1$?(B
.Ar usershow
$B$HF1$8$G$9!#(B
.Pp
.Ar groupnext
$B%3%^%s%I$O!"<!$K;HMQ$G$-$k%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$rI8=`=PNO$KJV$7$^$9!#(B
.Sh $B?GCG(B
.Nm
$B$O!"A`:n$K@.8y$9$k$H(B EXIT_SUCCESS $B$rJV$7!"$=$&$G$J$1$l$P(B
.Xr sysexits 3
$B$K$h$jDj5A$5$l$?0J2<$NLa$jCM$N$&$A$I$l$+$R$H$D$rJV$7$^$9(B:
.Bl -tag -width xxxx
.It EX_USAGE
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$N%7%s%?%C%/%9%(%i!<(B ($BITE,@Z$J%-!<%o!<%I!"L$Dj5A%*%W%7%g%s(B)$B!#(B
.El
.It EX_NOPERM
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
root $B$G$J$$%f!<%6$H$7$F!"2?$i$+$N99?7$r<B9T$7$h$&$H$7$?!#(B
.El
.It EX_OSERR
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B%a%b%j%"%m%1!<%7%g%s%(%i!<!#(B
.It
$B%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k5-=R;R$NFI$_=P$7%(%i!<(B
.El
.It EX_DATAERR
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s>e$d%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k5-=R;R$N!"4V0c$C$?!"$^$?$O@5$7$/$J(B
$B$$%G!<%?$d7gMn%G!<%?!#(B
.It
root $B%"%+%&%s%H$NL>A0$d(B uid $B$NJQ99!":o=|$r$7$h$&$H$7$?!#(B
.El
.It EX_OSFILE
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B?w7?%G%#%l%/%H%j$,E,@Z$G$J$$!"$^$?$OB8:_$7$J$$!#(B
.It
$B4pK\%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,E,@Z$G$J$$!"$^$?$OB8:_$7$J$$!#(B
.It
$B;XDj$7$?%7%'%k$,E,@Z$G$J$$!"$^$?$OB8:_$7$J$$!#(B
.El
.It EX_NOUSER
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B;XDj$5$l$?%f!<%6!"%f!<%6(B ID $B!"%0%k!<%W!"%0%k!<%W(B ID $B$,B8:_$7$J$$!#(B
.It
$B5-O?!"DI2C!"$^$?$O99?7$5$l$?%f!<%6!"%0%k!<%W$,M=4|$;$:L5$/$J$C$?!#(B
.El
.It EX_SOFTWARE
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B;XDj$7$?HO0O$K$OL$;HMQ%0%k!<%W(B ID $B!"%f!<%6(B ID $B$,;D$C$F$$$J$$!#(B
.El
.It EX_IOERR
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B@_Dj%U%!%$%k$N=q$-49$($,$G$-$J$$!#(B
.It
$B%0%k!<%W$d%f!<%6%G!<%?%Y!<%9%U%!%$%k$N99?7;~%(%i!<!#(B
.It
$B%Q%9%o!<%I$^$?$O%0%k!<%W%G!<%?%Y!<%9%U%!%$%k$N99?7;~%(%i!<!#(B
.El
.It EX_CONFIG
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
$B4pK\%[!<%`%G%#%l%/%H%j$,@_Dj$5$l$F$$$J$$!#(B
.El
.El
.Pp
.Sh $BCm<a(B
$B3F%3%^%s%I$K;HMQ2DG=$J%*%W%7%g%s$NMWLs$H$7$F!"(B
.Dl pw [command] help
$B$,;H$($^$9!#Nc$($P!"(B
.Dl pw useradd help
$B$O(B useradd $BA`:n$K;HMQ$G$-$k$9$Y$F$N%*%W%7%g%s$r%j%9%H$7$^$9!#(B
.Pp
.Nm Pw
$B$O!"(Bpasswd $B%U%!%$%k$N(B GECOS $B%U%#!<%k%I(B($B%f!<%6$N@+L>!"%*%U%#%9!"6HL3MQ(B
$BEEOCHV9f!"<+BpEEOCHV9f$N%5%V%U%#!<%k%I$,$"$j$^$9(B)$B$K(B 8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$r(B
$B;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#$7$+$7!"(B8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$r%f!<%6%m%0%$%sL>$d%0%k!<%W(B
$BL>$K;H$&$3$H$O$G$-$^$;$s!#(B8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$N;HMQ$K:]$7$F!"0J2<$NE@$KCm0U$7$F(B
$B$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$H$N@\B3$K:]$7$F$O!"%a!<%kG[Aw%W%m%0%i%`$,(B 8BITMIME $B$r(B
$B%5%]!<%H$7$F$$$k$3$H$,MW5a$5$l$F$*$j!"(B8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$r4^$`%X%C%@$O(B
7 $B%S%C%H$N(B quoted-printable $B%U%)!<%^%C%H$KJQ49$5$l$F$7$^$$$^$9!#(B
.Xr sendmail 8
$B$O$3$N5!G=$r%5%]!<%H$7$F$$$^$9!#(B GECOS $B%U%#!<%k%I$K(B 8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$r(B
$BCV$/:]$O!"%f!<%6$N%G%U%)%k%H%m%1!<%k$H%G%U%)%k%HJ8;z=89g$H$$$C$7$g$K(B
$B;HMQ$9$k$Y$-$G!"$3$l$i$r;HMQ$;$:$K<BAu$7$F$O$$$1$^$;$s!#(B
8 $B%S%C%HJ8;z$N;HMQ$O!"(B
.Xr fingerd 8
$B$N$h$&$K!"%$%s%?!<%M%C%H7PM3$G(B GECOS $B%U%#!<%k%I$NFbMF$r(B
$B$d$j$H$j$9$kB>$N%W%m%0%i%`$K$b1F6A$r5Z$\$92DG=@-$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
TCP/IP $B%/%i%$%"%s%H$NCf$K$O!"(BIRC $B$N$h$&$K!">/?t$J$,$i$b%Q%9%o!<%I(B
$B%U%!%$%k$K;XDj$5$l$?%U%k%M!<%`$r%G%U%)%k%H$G;HMQ$9$k$b$N$b(B
$B$"$j$^$9!#(B
.Sh $B4XO"%U%!%$%k(B
.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd.new -compact
.It Pa /etc/master.passwd
$B%f!<%6%G!<%?%Y!<%9(B
.It Pa /etc/passwd 
Version 7 $B%U%)!<%^%C%H$N%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k(B
.It Pa /etc/login.conf
$B%f!<%6%1!<%Q%S%j%F%#%G!<%?%Y!<%9(B (user capability database)
.It Pa /etc/group
$B%0%k!<%W%G!<%?%Y!<%9(B
.It Pa /etc/master.passwd.new
$B%^%9%?%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k$N0l;~%3%T!<(B
.It Pa /etc/passwd.new
Version 7 $B%Q%9%o!<%I%U%!%$%k$N0l;~%3%T!<(B
.It Pa /etc/group.new
$B%0%k!<%W%U%!%$%k$N0l;~%3%T!<(B
.It Pa /etc/pw.conf
pw $B%3%^%s%I$N%G%U%)%k%H%*%W%7%g%s%U%!%$%k(B
.El
.Sh $B4XO"%U%!%$%k(B
.Xr chpass 1 ,
.Xr passwd 1 ,
.Xr group 5 ,
.Xr login.conf 5 ,
.Xr passwd 5 ,
.Xr pw.conf 5 ,
.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
.Xr vipw 8
.Sh $BNr;K(B
.Nm
$B$O!"(B SYSV $B$N(B
.Em shadow
$B%5%]!<%H$G;H$o$l$F$$$?B?$/$N%*%W%7%g%s$rLOJo$7$F=q$+$l$^$7$?$,!"(B
.Bx 4.4
$B%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$KFCM-$N%Q%9%o!<%I%U%#!<%k%I!"(B
$B%0%k!<%W%U%#!<%k%I$K9g$o$;$FJQ99$5$l$F$$$^$9!#$^$?!"$[$H$s$I$NMWAG$,(B
$B0l$D$N%3%^%s%I$K$^$H$a$i$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
